3TC
3TC questions and answers
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Q: 82 Corolla 3tc. What are the measurement separations of the studs holding the carb onto the intake manifold?
How far apart are the studs holding the carb onto the intake manifold?
A: i never measured one the carb is standard for that car if your looking at a custom carb you will need a adaptor plate
Q: whats the most horsepower a 3tc engine can put out?
im looking to build my engine up but not sure if its worth doing it to this engine would like to get other peoples opinions engine is sitting in my 82 corolla
A: don't wast your time on an old junk engine like that get any of the early 90's four cylinders I've even sean people with the 3sfe 2.0L getting over 300 HP with a decent turbo set up. Of course your talking like four grand later.
Q: how can we change anti retro viral drugs for a patient who has developed lactic acidosis while on AZT/3TC,NVP?
A: Try this link
http://www.japi.org/august2004/CR-666.pd
Q: what can i do to give my 3tc engine more power?
A: Not much more you can get, it basically is a small hemi motor itself. Best thing is to do a 4AGE swap into your Toyota. Google is filled with others that can help on on what you need to do it with.
Q: How does HIV become resistant to an analogs action of substituting for its respective nucleoside in DNA?
How does HIV become resistant to an analogs action of substituting for its respective nucleoside in DNA?
Drugs used for "anti-viral" HIV medication often include AZT, ddI, ddC, 3TC as part of the HAART regimen. These drugs are chemical phonies of the nucleosides that build DNA chains. If HIV has to hi-jack a cells machinery in order to replicate, how is it possible that HIV can mutate so to prevent the cell from substituting an analog in DNA synthesis? It is clear though, that these chemicals do in fact do a better job of what HIV is *said* to do- Kill cells.
A: AZT is the most commonly prescribed anti-HIV treatment. Its brand name is Retrovir. It is in the class of anti-HIV drugs known as nucleoside analogs. A number of other nucleoside analog drugs which have a similar method of action are:
ddI (Videx),
ddC (Hivid),
d4T (Zerit),
3TC (Epivir).
A newer class of anti-HIV drugs are protease inhibitors. The approved protease inhibitors are:
saquinavir (Invirase),
ritonavir (Norvir),
indinavir (Crixivan).
Recently completed studies indicate that combinations of these anti-HIV drugs are much more effective than AZT alone in preventing disease progression and death.
The initial studies which demonstrated the benefits of combination therapy were called DELTA and ACTG 175. These studies compared combinations of AZT with ddI, and AZT with ddC, to AZT taken alone. The studies involved several thousand patients. Patients taking the combinations survived longer and had less disease progression than those taking AZT alone.
Since these studies were conducted, protease inhibitors have become available. A new test for measuring how well anti-HIV drugs are combating the disease has also just become available. The viral load tests measure the amount of HIV in the blood. Researchers are finding that the level of HIV in the blood is linked to the severity of disease. A study has shown that using drug treatments to lower the level of HIV can reduce the chances of disease progression.
Combination anti-HIV treatment has become the standard of care for patients with HIV. It has not yet been determined which of the anti-HIV drug combinations are most effective. What is clear is that the stronger the anti-HIV effects of a combination therapy, the less likely it is that HIV will become resistant to the effects of the drugs. When HIV becomes resistant to a drug, that drug no longer works against the virus. Combinations usually include a protease inhibitor, 3TC, and one other nucleoside analog anti-HIV drug such as AZT or d4T.
Combinations of protease inhibitors are currently in trials. A trial of ritonavir and saquinavir is ongoing, and a trial of saquinavir and indinavir is planned. Data from just six weeks of the saquinavir and ritonavir trial has been presented. Doses studied so far have been 400 mg of saquinavir twice daily with ritonavir at either 400 mg twice daily, or the standard ritonavir dose of 600 mg twice daily.
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Q: Which of these are examples of natural selection?
A Insect resistance to DDT, an insecticide
B. Birds producing thin eggshells after exposure to DDT
C. HIV virus resistance to 3TC
D. Moth populations being dominated by black individuals in areas surrounded by coal burning factories.
E. Feminization of male human babies whose mothers were exposed to insecticides during pregnancy
F. After having their tusks sawed off for ivory, elephants produce offspring without tusks
G. Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus
Thanks for your help!
A: A, C,D,G
(F is just ridiculous. That's the equivalent of saying that because Jews and Muslims circumcise their boys that future boys will all be born without foreskins.)
Remember natural selection implies just that "selection" and it means that some organisms don't breed or if they do that their young are selected against (or for) by some environmental factor. So in A the insects who weren't immediately killed by DDT or who could survive even if just barely a dose that killed others of its kind because of their genetic make-up, passed this bit of resistance on to its offspring. Those in turn when exposed to DDT survived in at least slightly greater numbers than did those who didn't have this genetic capability of resistance. This was passed on to their young and so forth. At some point, you have insects in a population that could almost live in DDT with no problem. There has to be some genetic component involved in natural selection. The elephant tusk and circumcision example don't involve a genetic component, merely a physical one. If those don't make sense, think of tattoos. You can put all you want on your skin, but your kids will still be born tattoo free.
Q: Can I play Pokémon on my computer for free?
If I can, how do I do?
No 1337 t4lk 3tc and no advanced Computer talk, thx
Kind regards, Moi! :D
A: http://tpmrpg.net/signup.php?sess=16638
Fun and easy to play/
Q: Can I have rabbies shot on Post Exposure Prophylaxis?
I know take PEP for a risky exposure to human bodily fluids against HIV, the drug is combid 300, a combination of ziduvodine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC) .
Now, 3 weeks in the treatment I have been bitten by a dog...so now I might have to take some rabbies PEP...
Is that dangerous or will the drugs interact?
Are they unrelated therapies, might I damage my body by combining both treatments?
I can observer the dog for 10 days no problem, he seems healthy enough, are rabbies shots really necessary?
Even if not, should I still take the booster for reassurance or might it do more harm than good?
A: I believe this is something you want to take up with your infectious disease physician. Please do not get advice of this caliber online. No one can examine you or check the dog's vaccine status on line. Please talk to your physician as soon as possible!
Q: I have a serious Biology question, please help?
Varieties of HIV that are resistant to the drug 3TC______.?
A)Developed in response to the use of 3TC
B)Already existed in the population before 3TC was developed
C)Always have an advantage in every environment
D)Were strongly selected for as 3TC became widely used to treat HIV
E)Drug resistance spreads through a population because it already existed in the population before 3TC was developed AND because it was strongly selected for as 3TC became widely used to treat HIV.
A: E(=B+D), although the answer does not complete the sentence.
Q: Which of the following statements reflects aspects of Hutton and Lyell's ideas of gradualism that were inco
Which of the following statements reflects aspects of Hutton and Lyell's ideas of gradualism that were incorporated into Darwin's theory of evolution?
There is a struggle in populations for survival and reproduction.
Natural selection acts on heritable variation.
Small changes accumulated over vast spans of time can produce dramatic results.
Characteristics acquired gradually over an organism's lifetime can lead to changes in the characteristics of the next generation.
Homologous structures are found in organisms with a common ancestor.
2 . Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which natural selection is based?
There is heritable variation among individuals.
Poorly adapted individuals never produce offspring.
There is a struggle for limited resources, and only a fraction of offspring survive.
Individuals whose characteristics are best suited to the environment generally leave more offspring than those whose characteristics are less well suited.
Organisms interact with their environments.
3 . Analysis of forelimb anatomy of humans, bats, and whales shows that humans and bats have fairly similar skeletal structures, while whales have diverged considerably in the shapes and proportions of their bones. However, analysis of several genes in these species suggests that all three diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following is the best explanation for these data?
Humans and bats evolved by natural selection, and whales evolved by Lamarckian mechanisms.
Evolution of human and bat forelimbs was adaptive, but not for whales.
Natural selection in an aquatic environment resulted in significant changes to whale forelimb anatomy.
Genes mutate more rapidly in whales than in humans or bats.
Whales are not properly defined as mammals.
4 . Which of the following observations helped Darwin shape his concept of descent with modification?
Species diversity declines as distance from the equator increases.
Fewer species are found living on islands than on the nearest continents.
Birds can be found on islands that are farther from the mainland than the birds' maximum nonstop flight distance.
South American temperate plants are more similar to the tropical plants of South America than to the temperate plants of Europe.
Earthquakes reshape life by causing mass extinctions.
5 . Darwin synthesized information from several sources in developing his theory of evolution by natural selection. Which of the following did not influence his thinking?
Linnaeus' hierarchical classification of species
Lyell's Principles of Geology
observations of molecular homologies
examples of major changes in domesticated species produced by artificial selection
the distribution of species that he observed on the Galápagos Islands and during his journey around South America
6 . In science, the term theory generally applies to an idea that
is a speculation lacking supportive observations or experiments.
attempts to explain many related phenomena.
is synonymous with what biologists mean by a hypothesis.
is considered a law of nature.
all of the above.
7 . Within a few weeks of treatment with the drug 3TC, a patient's HIV population consists entirely of 3TC-resistant viruses. How can this result best be explained?
HIV has the ability to change its surface proteins and resist vaccines.
The patient must have become reinfected with 3TC-resistant viruses.
HIV began making drug-resistant versions of reverse transcriptase in response to the drug.
A few drug-resistant viruses were present at the start of treatment, and natural selection increased their frequency.
The drug caused the HIV RNA to change.
8 . The smallest biological unit that can evolve over time is
a cell.
an individual organism.
a population.
a species.
an ecosystem.
9 . Which of the following ideas is common to both Darwin's and Lamarck's theories of evolution?
Adaptation results from differential reproductive success.
Evolution drives organisms to greater and greater complexity.
Evolutionary adaptation results from interactions between organisms and their environments.
Adaptation results from the use and disuse of anatomical structures.
The fossil record supports the view that species are fixed.
10 . Which of the following pairs of structures is least likely to represent homology?
the wings of a bat and the forelimbs of a human
the hemoglobin of a baboon and that of a gorilla
the mitochondria of a plant and those of an animal
the wings of a bird and those of an insect
the brain of a cat and that of a dog
A: Sorry buddy, I am not doing your homework for you.
Q: Help with the theory of evolution?
1. The theory of evolution sparked a paradigm shift in science.
a. describe the modern theory of evolution
b. discuss how the theory is supported by 2 of the following: comparative anatomy, comparitive embryology, molecular biology, and biogeography.
c. how has the theory changed since Darwin?
2. Evolution is one of the unifying concepts of modern biology.
d. explain each of Darwins ideas on the mechanisms of evolution
e. use one of the mechanisms to discuss one of the following:
i. HIV resistance to 3TC
ii. Pesticide resistance to mosquitos
iii. Antibiotic resistance to bacteria
A: You'll have to do your homework on your own. I'm sure you'll be able to find the information in your textbook, or at a good evolution website.
As a side note, Ladyren is partially wrong. Evolution *is* a theory - it's just that "theory" in science means something different from "theory" in common use. In everyday language, a theory is a guess. In science, a theory is an explanation of *how* a phenomenon works, and is based on multiple lines of evidence. It's basically the most thorough scientific explanation of how something works. In that sense, evolution is a scientific theory, which means it is solidly supported by empirical fact.
Q: I'm a medical doctor i work in an hospital where majorly we treat tuberculosis patients. Recently, we started
taking care of HIV/AIDS patients. One of our patients who initially was on AZT+3TC+EFZ developed (R) hemiparesis. We removed AZT and put TFD, he responded but after 2 weeks he relapsed. We decided to remove 3TC and place on ABC. Pls could you suggest any other things we ought to do?
A: Tuberculosis is a chronic, progressive infection with a period of latency following initial infection. It occurs most commonly in the lungs. Pulmonary symptoms include productive cough, chest pain, and dyspnea. Diagnosis is by sputum culture and smear. Treatment is with multiple antimicrobial agents.
One factor in the rising TB trend in both the developed and the developing world is HIV infection, which weakens the immune system. One third of deaths of those who are HIV-positive are TB related. Those with HIV are 100 times more likely to develop TB than other members of the population. Other people who are at risk from the disease include those with diabetes, the malnourished, alcoholics, and IV drug users.
Zidovudine (zye-DOE-vue-deen) (also known as AZT) is used in combination with other anti-virus medicines in the treatment of the infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Lamivudine (la-MI-vyoo-deen)(3TC) is used in the treatment of the infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B virus. HIV is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Lamivudine is taken together with zidovudine (AZT) or other medications used to treat HIV.
Please note that I am not a medical professional. You should have posted your doubt on doctor's exclusive professional sites.
Please see the web page for more details on treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in the case of HIV infected persons, Zidovudine(generic name) and Lamivudine(generic name).
Q: how many p3opl3 out th3r3 us3 bumble & bumble hair products????
jus wond3ring cuz i h3ard th3ir pr3tty gud and th3y com3 frum NY and 3tc. ya know and i wuz thinkin bout tryin th3ir stuff so y3ah t3ll m3 wut u think!!!!
A: Bumble and Bumble Curl Conscious Conditioner.
The best conditioner for frizzy, curly, thick hair!
I love it. It seperates, defines, and tightens my curls and makes my hair soft and manageable as well.
Definitely try them out!
Q: who birthday today?
Hello today it is the birthday of my favorite actor Mark harmon.. Because of it I did this video of gift to him
See it and write to him many congratulations
http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=bkc6Sz8_3Tc
A: idk whos bday it is today but yesterday was joe trohman from fall out boy
Q: plz h3lp...answer fast..i will give points 2 da b3st answeers...i lst my c3ll ph0n3?
0k i lost my cell phone so my mama called the company and cut it 0ff...my friend found a phone 4rm th3 sam3 company t-mobile and it l0oks c0ol....sh3 s3d sh3 will s3ll it to me for 20 dollaras...and i bought it....but the question is if i buy a new sim card and activate it will work and i dont have 2 buy a n3w fon3 4rm th3 phon3 plac3;such az t-m0bil3,verizon,boost mobile 3tc
A: Depends if your phone has a code lock or not. If it was a mobile bought as a packet, then probably can't change the sim card. Just ask the place where you bought it.